The theory of natural law grounds human rights law
in the universal truths of God’s creation. Until very recently, lawyers
in the Western tradition studied natural law as part of their training,
and the task of the judicial system was to put its tenets into concrete
form, building an edifice of positive law on natural law’s foundations.
Although much has been written about natural law in theory,
surprisingly little has been said about how it has shaped legal
practice. Natural Law in Court asks how lawyers and judges made
and interpreted natural law arguments in England, Europe, and the
United States, from the beginning of the sixteenth century to the
American Civil War.
- H. Helmholz sees a remarkable consistency
in how English, Continental, and early American jurisprudence
understood and applied natural law in cases ranging from family law and
inheritance to criminal and commercial law. Despite differences in their
judicial systems, natural law was treated across the board as the
source of positive law, not its rival. The idea that no person should be
condemned without a day in court, or that penalties should be
proportional to the crime committed, or that self-preservation confers
the right to protect oneself against attacks are valuable legal rules
that originate in natural law. From a historical perspective, Helmholz
concludes, natural law has advanced the cause of justice.
1 Legal Education in Continental Eu rope
2 The Law of Nature in Eu ro pean Courts
3 Legal Education in En gland
4 The Law of Nature in En glish Courts
5 Legal Education in the United States
6 The Law of Nature in American Courts
Key Features
- Delve into the expanse of Banana Pi's self-managing functionalities and develop real-world projects
- Gain hands-on experience of developing various wireless, multimedia, robotic, and sensor-based applications with Banana Pi
- Develop your applications using Banana Pi through a project-based approach
Book Description
This
book follows a tactical plan that will guide you through the
implementation of Banana Pro and its configurations. You will then learn
the various programming languages used with Banana Pi
with the help of examples. In no time at all, you'll be working on a
wireless project that implements AirPlay servers, hotspots, and so on.
Following this, you'll develop a retro-style arcade kiosk game. Then
we'll move on to explore the multimedia features of Banana Pro by
designing and building an enclosure for it. After this, you'll learn to
build a remote-controlled smart car and we'll examine how to control a
robotic arm. The book will conclude with the creation of a home sensor
system that has the ability to expand or shrink to suit any home.
What you will learn
- Remotely connect to Banana Pro and program the embedded board
- Use Banana Pro as a hotspot or provide an AirPlay server for wireless audio transmission
- Find out about the different programming languages that can be used with Banana Pro
- Build and program your own multimedia centre in order to watch television and movies
- Connect peripherals such as a camera, LCD, or hard disk to Banana Pro
- Manage and regulate your Linux system with Banana Pro
- Stream music wirelessly from your mobile phone to Banana Pro
About the Author
Ruediger Follmann
was born in 1968 in Germany. He studied electrical engineering at RWTH
Aachen, Germany, and received his PhD from the University of
Duisburg-Essen, Germany. He has worked for IMST GmbH, Germany, for more
than 20 years, where he heads the RF circuits and system integration
department. IMST is a design and development company with more than 170
employees. He uses embedded boards in many different projects, for
example, in order to control MMICs or hybrid electronics. Follmann is
the author of many technical articles as well as Das Raspberry Pi
Kompendium, Springer.
Tony Zhang was born in 1990 in
China. He studied control science and engineering at HIT, China, and
received his master's degree in 2015. Since 2014, Tony has been working
with LeMaker community, where he is the cofounder and is heading the
R&D department.
Table of Contents
- Introduction to Banana Pro
- Programming Languages
- Wireless Projects
- An Arcade Cabinet
- A Multimedia Center
- Remote Controlling a Smart Monitor Car
- A Laser Engraver
- Scratch – Building a Smart House
Chapter 1: Introduction to Banana Pro 1
Banana Pro 2
Specifications of Banana Pro 3
Banana Pro onboard LEDs 9
Getting started 9
The first boot 12
Available operating systems for Banana Pro 13
Android 14
Linux 15
The FEX file 18
Transferring an OS to a hard disk 23
Add-ons 27
The LCD module 27
The 7-inch LCD step-by-step guide 28
The camera module 33
A step-by-step guide to the camera module 34
Cases 36
GPIO add-ons 38
An onboard microphone 39
Chapter 2: Programming Languages 41
Basic principles 42
Remote connections 42
Secure Shell 42
Using xrdp for remote desktop connection 43
Basic requirements for programming Banana Pro 44
Editors 45
Shell programming 47
Checking the Banana Pro temperature 47
Controlling Banana Pro's LEDs from SSH 48
Programming GPIOs from SSH 50
Another shell example 52
WiringBP 53
Python 55
The basics 56
A simple web server 57
Using Python for GPIO 58
Setting LEDs in Python 60
A Python window example 62
C/C++ 64
The WiringBP C code example 66
C access to onboard LEDs 67
Debugger 73
Scratch 76
Hello world – example for Scratch 77
Using LN Digital with Scratch 78
New kernels 81
Compiling on Banana Pro 82
Cross-compilation 83
Chapter 3: Wireless Projects 87
OpenVPN 88
Connecting from Android 93
WLAN 95
Setting up WLAN 95
Setting up an access point mode 96
On air 100
The AirPlay protocol 101
AirPrint 104
Printing from Android and iOS 111
Serving web pages 112 Install PHP and MySQL 113
Installing contao 116
A measurement server 125
The FTDI/SPI control of devices 126
A web server 129
Explanations 131
Chapter 4: An Arcade Cabinet 133
Implementing hardware accelerations 134
Installing dependencies 134
Installing modules 134
Installing packages 135
Installing a directory 135
Installing libdri2 135
Installing libump 136
Installing the sunxi-mali driver 136
The X11 version of the sunxi-mali driver 137
The framebuffer version of the sunxi-mali driver 137
Installing xf86-video-fbturbo 137
Getting device permission 138
Testing hardware acceleration 139
Implementing libretro emulators 142
Installing dependent packages 142
Installing libretro frontend - RetroArch 142
The X11 version of RetroArch 143
The framebuffer version of RetroArch 143
Installing libretro cores 144
Installing iMAM4ALL libretro core 144
Installing the SNES libretro core 144
Configuration 145
Playing games 146
Playing a game directly with a command line 146
Playing a game from the RetroArch menu interface 147
Testing games 149
Building PCSX 149
Installing dependent packages 149
Installing PCSX 149
Downloading PCSX ReARMed 150
Patching 150
Compiling and installing 150
Playing PCSX games 151
Configuration 151
Testing PCSX games 152
Making an arcade cabinet for Banana Pro 152
Preparing the materials 152
A suitcase 152
A joystick 153
A micro USB extended line 154
A USB hub 154
An LCD display 155
An audio extended line 155
A mini keyboard 156
Designing a frame 156
Assembling 157
Assembling a base frame 158
Assembling Banana Pro and a joystick 158
Mounting an LCD 159
Assembling a top frame 160
Playing the Banana Pro arcade cabinet 161
Configuring output to an LCD 161
Configuring a joystick controller 164
Playing the game on the arcade cabinet 166
Chapter 5: A Multimedia Center 169
Kernel preparation 170
Adding the I2S audio device 170
Setting the graphics memory to maximum 172
Deactivating display driver kernel logging 173
Activating IR driver key repetition 174
Activating the sunxi lirc driver 174
Correcting display driver brightness 175
Adding the DVB-SKY S960 USB box 176
Installing the accelerated mali driver 176
Video Disk Recorder (VDR) 178
Setting display settings 178
Setting locales 179
Adding (non-free) Debian multimedia packages 180
Loading required modules 180
A network address 180
Editing the FEX file 181
Installing required packages 182
Installing and patching VDPAU 183
Compiling VDR 185
Defining a sound device 188
Adding a default sound device 188
Using an electrical SPDIF with Banana Pro 189
Configuring a remote control 190
irexec 196
Adding a USB DVB stick 196
The DVB kernel driver 196
The DVB userspace driver 200
VDR scripts 201
Adding plugins to VDR 204
Watching DVDs 205
Listening to audio CDs 206
Watching teletext 207
Changing VDR's skin 208
Streaming TV to mobile devices 210
Switching to external players 211
Additional plugins 212
Remote controlling the VDR 212
Troubleshooting 213
Device permissions 213
Changing libvdpau version 214
The Xbox Multimedia Center (XBMC) installation 214
Chapter 6: Remote Controlling a Smart Monitor Car 219
Implementing the IP camera 220
Installing ffmpeg 220
Instaling nginx 221
Configuring the nginx server 222
Starting the nginx server 222
Accessing the nginx server 223
Autostarting the nginx server at system boot 224
Setting up a camera 226
Camera specifications 226
Connecting the camera module 228
Testing the camera module on Banana Pro 231
Streaming a video via the Internet 232
Setting up the hardware of a smart monitor car 234
Preparing the materials 234
A car suite 235
The L289N motor drive board 236
Battery 236
A 5 inch LCD 237
Assembly 237
Configuring the display output for the 5 inch LCD 240
Controlling a smart monitor car using a remote 240
Webiopi for Banana Pro 240
Installing webiopi for Banana Pro 240
Testing webiopi on Banana Pro 241
Using webiopi to control the car 245
The control logic 246
Writing the webiopi controlling code 246
Adding the car controls to the IP camera web page 254
Chapter 7: A Laser Engraver 257
Setting up the frame for laser engraving 258
Preparing materials 258
Setting up the laser engraving machine hardware 262
Configuring software on Banana Pro 264
Installing dependencies 264
Installing the GrblController software 264
Installing software on a PC 267
Installing Inkscape 267
Installing Arduino 268
Loading a program into the laser CPU 269
Loading bootloader 269
Loading the driving code 270
How to use a laser engraver 273
Generate the G code 273
Beginning the engraving process 278
Chapter 8: Scratch – Building a Smart House 281
Configuring LeScratch 282
Installing the prerequisites 282
Setting up the system 283
Setting up Scratch Mesh 284
Running LeScratch 284
Controlling the LeScratch peripherals 286
General Purpose Input Output (GPIO) 287
Instructions 287
Example: The GPIO board 287
Inter-Integrated Circuit 291
Instructions 291
Example – a LN-HUB-32IO USB hub 292
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) 294
Instructions 295
Example – LN digital or SPI general 296
Example: LN Digital (the LNDI commands) 297
The step motor 298
Technical specifications 299
Example – the step motor 300
Real-time clock 302
Technical specifications 303
Example – RTC 303
The ultrasonic sensor 305
Technical specifications 305
Example – the ultrasonic sensor 306
The humidity and temperature sensor 307
Technical specifications 307
Example – the DHT sensor 308
The sound detect sensor 309
Technical specifications 310
Example – the sound detect sensor 310
The AD/DA converter 312
Technical specifications 312
Example – the AD/DA convertor 313
Photoresistor 315
Technical specifications 315
Example – a photoresistor 316
The touch sensor 318
Technical specifications 318
Example – the touch sensor 318
The tilt sensor 319
Technical specifications 319
Example – the tilt sensor 320
The LCD1602 display 321
Technical specifications 322
Example – the LCD1602 display 322
Building the LeScratch smart house 324
Utilize the powerful ingredients of Raspberry Pi to bring to life your amazing robots that can act, draw, and have fun with laser tags
About This Book
Learn to implement a number of features offered by Raspberry Pi to build your own amazing robots
Understand how to add vision and voice to your robots.
This fast-paced practical guide comprises a number of creative projects to take your Raspberry Pi knowledge to the next level
Who This Book Is For
This
all-encompassing guide was created for anyone who is interested in
expanding their knowledge in applying the peripherals of Raspberry Pi.
If you have a fancy for building complex-looking robots with simple,
inexpensive, and readily available hardware, then this book is ideal for
you. Prior understanding of Raspberry Pi with simple mechanical systems
is recommended.
What You Will Learn
Add sensors to your robot so that it can sense the world around it
Know everything there is to know about accessing motors and servos to provide movement to the robotic platform
Explore the feature of adding vision to your robot so it can “see” the world around it
Refine your robot with the skill of speech recognition so that it can receive commands
Polish your robot by adding speech output so it can communicate with the world around it
Maximize the use of servos in Raspberry Pi to create a drawing robot
Strengthen your robot by adding wireless communication skills so you
can see what the robot is seeing and control it from a distance
Build an unbelievable autonomous hexcopter controlled by Raspberry Pi
In Detail
The
Raspberry Pi is a series of credit card-sized single-board computers
developed in the UK by the Raspberry Pi Foundation with the intention of
promoting the teaching of basic computer science in schools. The
Raspberry Pi is known as a tiny computer built on a single circuit
board. It runs a Linux operating system, and has connection ports for
various peripherals so that it can be hooked up to sensors, motors,
cameras, and more. Raspberry Pi has been hugely popular among hardware
hobbyists for various projects, including robotics.
This book
gives you an insight into implementing several creative projects using
the peripherals provided by Raspberry Pi. To start, we'll walk through
the basic robotics concepts that the world of Raspberry Pi offers us,
implementing wireless communication to control your robot from a
distance. Next, we demonstrate how to build a sensible and a visionary
robot, maximizing the use of sensors and step controllers. After that,
we focus on building a wheeled robot that can draw and play hockey. To
finish with a bang, we'll build an autonomous hexcopter, that is, a
flying robot controlled by Raspberry Pi.
By the end of this book,
you will be a maestro in applying an array of different technologies to
create almost any imaginable robot.
Style and approach
This
book is an easy-to-follow, project-based guide that throws you directly
into the action of creating almost any imaginable robot through
blueprints. It is full of step by step instructions and screenshots to
help you build amazing robots in no time at all.
Chapter 1: Adding Raspberry Pi to an RC Vehicle
Configuring Raspberry Pi – The brain of your projects
Configuring and controlling an RC car with Raspberry Pi
Controlling the RC Car using Raspberry Pi in Python
Accessing the RC Car remotely
Chapter 2: Adding Raspberry Pi to a Humanoid Robot
Giving your robot voice commands
Using eSpeak to allow your robot to respond in voice
Using pocketsphinx to accept your voice commands
Interpreting commands and initiating actions
Chapter 3: Building a Tracked Vehicle That Can Plan Its Own Path
Basic motor control and the tracked vehicle
Controlling the tracked vehicle using Raspberry Pi in Python
Connecting Raspberry Pi to a USB sonar sensor
Connecting a digital compass to the Raspberry Pi
Accessing the compass programmatically
Dynamic path planning for your robot
Basic path planning
Avoiding obstacles
Chapter 4: Building a Robot That Can Play Laser Tag
Building and controlling a basic wheeled vehicle
Using the robot library to programmatically control your robot
Controlling your robot from a remote computer
Adding a game controller to your remote system
Connecting the laser source and target
Chapter 5: A Robot That Can Draw
Constructing a drawing platform using servos and brackets
Configuring the software
Creating a program in Python to control the mobile platform
Simple drawing using the robotic arm
A simple Python drawing program
Chapter 6: A Robot That Can Play Air Hockey
Constructing the platform
Controlling the paddle using stepper motors
Moving the paddle with Arduino code
Seeing the puck using OpenCV
Installing a USB camera on Raspberry Pi
Downloading and installing OpenCV – a fully featured vision library
Colour finding with OpenCV
Tracking the puck
Moving the paddle to strike the puck
Chapter 7: A Robot That Can Fly
Constructing the platform
Mission Planning software
A step-by-step introduction to using SAS® statistical software as a foundational approach to data analysis and interpretation
Presenting a straightforward introduction from the ground up, SAS® Essentials: Mastering SAS for Data Analytics, Second Edition illustrates
SAS using hands-on learning techniques and numerous real-world
examples. Keeping different experience levels in mind, the
highly-qualified author team has developed the book over 20 years of
teaching introductory SAS courses.
Divided
into two sections, the first part of the book provides an introduction
to data manipulation, statistical techniques, and the SAS programming language.
The second section is designed to introduce users to statistical
analysis using SAS Procedures. Featuring self-contained chapters to
enhance the learning process, the Second Edition also includes:
- Programming
approaches for the most up-to-date version of the SAS platform
including information on how to use the SAS University Edition
- Discussions
to illustrate the concepts and highlight key fundamental computational
skills that are utilized by business, government, and organizations
alike
- New chapters on reporting results in tables and factor analysis
- Additional information on the DATA step for data management with an emphasis on importing data from other sources, combining data sets, and data cleaning
- Updated ANOVA and regression examples as well as other data analysis techniques
- A companion website with the discussed data sets, additional code, and related PowerPoint® slides
SAS Essentials: Mastering SAS for Data Analytics, Second Edition is an ideal textbook for upper-undergraduate and graduate-level courses in statistics, data analytics, applied SAS programming,
and statistical computer applications as well as an excellent
supplement for statistical methodology courses. The book is an
appropriate reference for researchers and academicians who require a
basic introduction to SAS for statistical analysis and for preparation
for the Basic SAS Certification Exam.
PART I: DATA MANIPULATION AND THE SAS® PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
1: GETTING STARTED
1.1 USING SAS IN A WINDOWS ENVIRONMENT
1.2 YOUR FIRST SAS ANALYSIS
1.3 HOW SAS WORKS
1.4 TIPS AND TRICKS FOR RUNNING SAS PROGRAMS
2: GETTING DATA INTO SAS
2.1 USING SAS DATA SETS
2.2 UNDERSTANDING SAS DATA SET STRUCTURE
2.3 RULES FOR SAS VARIABLE NAMES
2.4 UNDERSTANDING SAS VARIABLE TYPES
2.5 METHODS OF READING DATA INTO SAS
2.6 GOING DEEPER: MORE TECHNIQUES FOR ENTERING DATA
3: READING, WRITING, AND IMPORTING DATA
3.1 WORKING WITH SAS LIBRARIES AND PERMANENT DATA SETS
3.2 CREATING PERMANENT SAS DATA SETS USING THE WINDOWS FILE NAME TECHNIQUE
3.3 CREATING PERMANENT SAS DATA SETS USING AN SAS LIBRARY
3.4 CREATING A SAS LIBRARY USING A DIALOG BOX
3.5 CREATING A SAS LIBRARY USING CODE
3.6 USING DATA IN PERMANENT SAS DATA SETS
3.7 IMPORTING DATA FROM ANOTHER PROGRAM NEW VARIABLES
4.3 USING IF-THEN-ELSE CONDITIONAL STATEMENT ASSIGNMENTS
4.4 USING DROP AND KEEP TO SELECT VARIABLES
4.5 USING THE SET STATEMENT TO READ AN EXISTING DATA SET
4.6 USING PROC SORT
4.7 APPENDING AND MERGING DATA SETS
4.8 USING PROC FORMAT
4.9 GOING DEEPER: FINDING FIRST AND LAST VALUES
5: PREPARING TO USE SAS PROCEDURES
5.1 UNDERSTANDING SAS SUPPORT STATEMENTS
5.2 UNDERSTANDING PROC STATEMENT SYNTAX
5.3 USING THE ID STATEMENT IN A SAS PROCEDURE
5.4 USING THE LABEL STATEMENT IN A SAS PROCEDURE
5.5 USING THE WHERE STATEMENT IN A SAS PROCEDURE
5.6 USING PROC PRINT
5.7 GOING DEEPER: SPLITTING COLUMN TITLES IN PROC PRINT
5.8 GOING DEEPER: COMMON SYSTEM OPTIONS
6: SAS® ADVANCED PROGRAMMING TOPICS PART 1
6.1 USING SAS FUNCTIONS
6.2 USING PROC TRANSPOSE
6.3 THE SELECT STATEMENT
6.4 GOING DEEPER: CLEANING A MESSY DATA SET
7: SAS® ADVANCED PROGRAMMING TOPICS PART 2
7.1 USING SAS ARRAYS
7.2 USING DO LOOPS
7.3 USING THE RETAIN STATEMENT
7.4 USING SAS MACROS
8: CONTROLLING OUTPUT USING ODS
8.1 SPECIFYING THE ODS OUTPUT FORMAT AND DESTINATION
8.2 SPECIFYING ODS OUTPUT STYLE
8.3 USING ODS TO SELECT SPECIFIC OUTPUT TABLES FOR SAS PROCEDURES
8.4 GOING DEEPER: CAPTURING INFORMATION FROM ODS TABLES
8.5 GOING DEEPER: USING TRAFFIC LIGHTING TO HIGHLIGHT SELECTED VALUES
8.6 EXTENDED ODS FEATURES
PART II: STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USING SAS® PROCEDURES
9: EVALUATING QUANTITATIVE DATA
9.1 USING PROC MEANS
9.2 USING PROC UNIVARIATE
9.3 GOING DEEPER: ADVANCED PROC UNIVARIATE OPTIONS
10: ANALYZING COUNTS AND TABLES
10.1 USING PROC FREQ
10.2 ANALYZING ONE-WAY FREQUENCY TABLES
10.3 CREATING ONE-WAY FREQUENCY TABLES FROM SUMMARIZED DATA
10.4 ANALYZING TWO-WAY TABLES
10.5 GOING DEEPER: CALCULATING RELATIVE RISK MEASURES
10.6 GOING DEEPER: INTER-RATER RELIABILITY (KAPPA)
12.3 MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION USING PROC REG
12.4 GOING DEEPER: CALCULATING PREDICTIONS
12.5 GOING DEEPER: RESIDUAL ANALYSIS
13: ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
13.1 COMPARING THREE OR MORE MEANS USING ONE-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
13.2 COMPARING THREE OR MORE REPEATED MEASURES
13.3 GOING DEEPER: CONTRASTS
14: ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE, PART II
14.1 ANALYSIS OF COVARIANCE
14.2 GOING DEEPER: TWO-FACTOR ANOVA USING PROC MIXED
14.3 GOING DEEPER: REPEATED MEASURES WITH A GROUPING FACTOR
15: NONPARAMETRIC ANALYSIS
15.1 COMPARING TWO INDEPENDENT SAMPLES USING NPAR1WAY
15.2 COMPARING k INDEPENDENT SAMPLES (KRUSKAL–WALLIS)
15.3 COMPARING TWO DEPENDENT (PAIRED) SAMPLES
15.4 COMPARING -DEPENDENT SAMPLES (FRIEDMAN'S TEST)
15.5 GOING DEEPER: NONPARAMETRIC MULTIPLE COMPARISONS
16: LOGISTIC REGRESSION
16.1 LOGISTIC ANALYSIS BASICS
16.2 PERFORMING A LOGISTIC ANALYSIS USING PROC LOGISTIC
16.3 USING SIMPLE LOGISTIC ANALYSIS
16.4 MULTIPLE BINARY LOGISTIC ANALYSIS
16.5 GOING DEEPER: ASSESSING A MODEL'S FIT AND PREDICTIVE ABILITY
17: FACTOR ANALYSIS
17.1 FACTOR ANALYSIS BASICS
18: CREATING CUSTOM GRAPHS
18.1 CREATING SCATTERPLOTS AND LINE GRAPHS USING GPLOT
18.2 CREATING BAR CHARTS AND PIE CHARTS
18.3 DEFINING GRAPH PATTERNS
18.4 CREATING STACKED BAR CHARTS
18.5 CREATING MEAN BARS USING GCHART
18.6 CREATING BOXPLOTS
18.7 GOING DEEPER: CREATING AN INTERACTIVE BAR USING ODS
18.8 GOING DEEPER: SGPLOTS
18.9 OTHER WAYS TO CUSTOMIZE PLOTS
19: CREATING CUSTOM REPORTS
19.1 USING PROC TABULATE
19.2 USING PROC REPORT
Object-Role
Modeling (ORM) is a fact-based approach to data modeling that expresses
the information requirements of any business domain simply in terms of
objects that play roles in relationships. All facts of interest are
treated as instances of attribute-free structures known as fact types,
where the relationship may be unary (e.g. Person smokes), binary (e.g.
Person was born on Date), ternary (e.g. Customer bought Product on
Date), or longer. Fact types facilitate natural expression, are easy to
populate with examples for validation purposes, and have greater
semantic stability than attribute-based structures such as those used in
Entity Relationship Modeling (ER) or the Unified Modeling Language (UML).
All
relevant facts, constraints and derivation rules are expressed in
controlled natural language sentences that are intelligible to users in
the business domain being modelled. This allows ORM data models
to be validated by business domain experts who are unfamiliar with
ORM’s graphical notation. For the data modeler, ORM’s graphical notation
covers a much wider range of constraints than can be expressed in
industrial ER or UML class diagrams, and thus allows rich visualization of the underlying semantics.
Written as a sequel to the author’s previous book Object-Role Modeling Fundamentals,
this book briefly reviews the fundamentals of ORM, and then discusses
additional topics such as model reports generation, vocabulary
glossaries, relational mapping options, annotated relational schemas,
schema optimization, and data modeling patterns. Written in
easy-to-understand language, it illustrates each topic with simple
examples, and explains how to use the freeware NORMA tool to implement
the ideas discussed. The book also includes many practical exercises to
promote expertise in the techniques covered, with answers provided to
all the exercise questions.
1 Review of ORM Basics
1.1 Introduction
1.2 ORM’s Conceptual Schema Design Procedure
1.3 A Worked Example
1.4 Review Exercises
2 Documenting Models
2.1 Generating Model Reports
2.2 Vocabulary Glossaries
3 Relational Mapping
3.1 Overview of ORM’s Relational Mapping Procedure
3.2 Downloading and Viewing a Sample NORMA Model
3.3 Controlling Table and Column Names in NORMA
3.4 Subtype Mapping Options
3.5 Annotating Relational Schemas
4 Modeling Exercises
4.1 Academic Conference
4.2 Course Prerequisites
4.3 Concert Bookings
4.4 British Monarchy
4.5 Malaysia Database
4.6 Nobel Prize Awards
4.7 Academy Awards
5 Transforming and Optimizing Schemas
5.1 Conceptual Schema Transformations
5.2 Conceptual Schema Optimization
5.3 Database Reengineering
5.4 Solar System Exercise
6 Some Data Model Patterns
6.1 Temporal Aspects
6.2 Collection Types
Appendix A: ORM Symbol Glossary
Appendix B: Further Resources
Answers
Index
This book offers a comprehensive coverage of process simulation and flowsheeting, useful for undergraduate students of Chemical Engineering and Process Engineering as theoretical and practical support in Process Design, Process Simulation, Process Engineering, Plant Design,
and Process Control courses. The main concepts related to process
simulation and application tools are presented and discussed in the
framework of typical problems found in engineering design. The topics
presented in the chapters are organized in an inductive way, starting
from the more simplistic simulations up to some complex problems.
- Hardcover: 523 pages
- Publisher: Springer; 1st ed. 2016 edition (November 30, 2015)
- Language: English
- ISBN-10: 3319148117
- ISBN-13: 978-3319148113
- Product Dimensions: 9.2 x 6.1 x 1.2 inches
This
volume assembles a broad spectrum of methods used in long non-coding
RNAs (lncRNA) research, ranging from computational annotation of lncRNA
genes to molecular and cellular analyses of the function of individual
lncRNA. Long Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols also discusses methods used to study circular RNAs and RNA splicing, as well as influential findings on lncRNA in human diseases.
Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series
format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists
of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily
reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and
avoiding known pitfalls.
Thorough and cutting-edge, Long Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols
is a must-have for molecular biologists, cell and developmental
biologists, specialists who conduct disease-oriented research, and
bioinformatics experts who seek a better understanding on lncRNA
expression and function by computational analysis of the massive
sequencing data that are rapidly accumulating in recent years.
1 LncRNA Pulldown Combined with Mass Spectrometry to Identify
the Novel LncRNA-Associated Proteins
Zhen Xing , Chunru Lin , and Liuqing Yang
2 Cross-Linking Immunoprecipitation and qPCR (CLIP-qPCR)
Analysis to Map Interactions Between Long Noncoding RNAs
and RNA-Binding Proteins
Je-Hyun Yoon and Myriam Gorospe 3 Characterization of Long Noncoding RNA-Associated Proteins
by RNA-Immunoprecipitation
Youyou Zhang , Yi Feng , Zhongyi Hu , Xiaowen Hu , Chao-Xing Yuan ,
Yi Fan , and Lin Zhang
4 Isolation of Protein Complexes Associated with Long Noncoding RNAs
Kiranmai Gumireddy , Jinchun Yan , and Qihong Huang
5 Profiling Long Noncoding RNA Expression Using Custom- Designed
Microarray
Xinna Zhang , Gabriel Lopez-Berestein , Anil K. Sood ,
and George A. Calin
6 Long Noncoding RNA Expression Profiling Using Arraystar
LncRNA Microarrays
Yanggu Shi and Jindong Shang
7 Nuclear RNA Isolation and Sequencing
Navroop K. Dhaliwal and Jennifer A. Mitchell
8 Targeted LncRNA Sequencing with the SeqCap RNA Enrichment System
John C. Tan , Venera D. Bouriakov , Liang Feng , Todd A. Richmond ,
and Daniel Burgess
9 ChIP-Seq: Library Preparation and Sequencing.
Karyn L. Sheaffer and Jonathan Schug
10 Stellaris® RNA Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization for the Simultaneous
Detection of Immature and Mature Long Noncoding RNAs
in Adherent Cells
Arturo V. Orjalo Jr. and Hans E. Johansson
11 Simultaneous RNA–DNA FISH
Lan-Tian Lai , Zhenyu Meng , Fangwei Shao , and Li-Feng Zhang
12 Visualizing Long Noncoding RNAs on Chromatin
Michael Hinten , Emily Maclary , Srimonta Gayen , Clair Harris , and Sundeep Kalantry
13 Non-Isotopic Method for In Situ LncRNA Visualization and Quantitation
Botoul Maqsodi and Corina Nikoloff
14 Detection of Long Noncoding RNA Expression by Nonradioactive
Northern Blots
Xiaowen Hu , Yi Feng , Zhongyi Hu , Youyou Zhang , Chao-Xing Yuan ,
Xiaowei Xu , and Lin Zhang
15 Assessment of In Vivo SiRNA Delivery in Cancer Mouse Models
Hiroto Hatakeyama , Sherry Y. Wu , Lingegowda S. Mangala ,
Gabriel Lopez-Berestein , and Anil K. Sood
16 Targeting Long Noncoding RNA with Antisense Oligonucleotide
Technology as Cancer Therapeutics
Tianyuan Zhou , Youngsoo Kim , and A. Robert MacLeod
17 Characterization of Circular RNAs
Yang Zhang , Li Yang , and Ling-Ling Chen
18 Methods for Characterization of Alternative RNA Splicing
Samuel E. Harvey and Chonghui Cheng
19 NONCODEv4: Annotation of Noncoding RNAs with Emphasis
on Long Noncoding RNAs
Yi Zhao , Jiao Yuan , and Runsheng Chen
20 Computational Analysis of LncRNA from cDNA Sequences
Susan Boerner and Karen M. McGinnis
21 Analyzing MiRNA–LncRNA Interactions
Maria D. Paraskevopoulou and Artemis G. Hatzigeorgiou
22 Long Noncoding RNAs: An Overview
Dongmei Zhang , Minmin Xiong , Congjian Xu , Peng Xiang ,
and Xiaomin Zhong
